Impamvu hamwe ningamba zo gutoragura ruswa ya 304 ibyuma bidafite ingese

Abstract: Umukiriya aherutse kugura icyiciro cya 304 ibyuma bidafite ingese, byagombaga gutorwa no gutwarwa mbere yo kubikoresha. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibibyimba byagaragaye hejuru yicyuma kitagira ingese nyuma yo gushyirwa mu kigega cyo gutoragura iminota irenga icumi. Nyuma yo gukuramo flanges no gusukurwa, habonetse ruswa. Kugirango umenye icyateye kwangirika kwicyuma kidafite ingese, irinde ibibazo byubuziranenge kongera kubaho, kandi bigabanye igihombo cyubukungu. Umukiriya yadutumiye byumwihariko kugirango tumufashe gusesengura icyitegererezo no kugenzura ibyuma.

Ubwa mbere, reka mbamenyeshe 304 ibyuma bidafite ingese. Ifite ruswa irwanya ruswa, irwanya ubushyuhe, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hasi. Irwanya ruswa mu kirere kandi irwanya aside. Ikoreshwa cyane mumishinga itwara amazi nka peteroli ninganda. Nkigice cyingenzi cyo guhuza imiyoboro, ifite ibyiza byo guhuza no gukoresha byoroshye, gukomeza imikorere yo gufunga imiyoboro, no koroshya kugenzura no gusimbuza igice runaka cyumuyoboro.

Igenzura

1. Reba ibigize imiti: Banza, fata flange yangiritse hanyuma ukoreshe spekrometero kugirango umenye neza imiterere yabyo. Ibisubizo byerekanwe ku gishushanyo gikurikira. Ugereranije nibisabwa tekiniki ya 304 ibyuma bitagira ibyuma muri ASTMA276-2013,ibirimo Cr mubigize imiti ya flange yananiwe biri munsi yagaciro gasanzwe.

2. Igenzura ryibyuma: Urugero rurerure rwambukiranya igice rwaciwe ahabereye ruswa ya flange yananiwe. Nyuma yo gusya, nta ruswa yabonetse. Ibicuruzwa bitarimo ibyuma byagaragaye munsi ya microscope ya metallografiya naho icyiciro cya sulfide cyashyizwe ku mwanya wa 1.5, icyiciro cya alumina cyashyizwe kuri 0, icyiciro cy'umunyu wa aside cyahawe 0, naho icyiciro cya oxyde ya spherical cyashyizwe kuri 1.5; icyitegererezo cyashizweho na ferric chloride hydrochloric acide amazi yo mumazi kandi cyarebwaga munsi ya microscope ya 100x. Byagaragaye ko ibinyampeke bya austenite mubikoresho bitaringaniye cyane. Ingano yubunini bwasuzumwe hakurikijwe GB / T6394-2002. Agace keza k'ibinyampeke gashobora kugereranywa nka 1.5 naho ingano nziza irashobora kugereranywa nka 4.0. Iyo witegereje microstructure ya hafi yubuso bwa ruswa, urashobora kubona ko ruswa itangirira hejuru yicyuma, yibanda kumupaka wimbuto za austenite kandi ikagera imbere mubintu. Imipaka yingano muri kariya gace isenywa no kwangirika, kandi imbaraga zo guhuza ibinyampeke ziratakara rwose. Icyuma cyangirika cyane ndetse gikora ifu, ikurwaho byoroshye hejuru yibikoresho.

3. Isesengura ryuzuye: Ibisubizo by'ibizamini bya fiziki na chimique byerekana ko ibirimo Cr biri mubigize imiti ya flange idafite ibyuma biri munsi gato yagaciro gasanzwe. Ikintu cya Cr nikintu cyingenzi kigena kwangirika kwangirika kwicyuma. Irashobora gukora hamwe na ogisijeni kugirango ikore Cr oxyde, ikora passivation layer kugirango irinde ruswa; ibirimo sulfide idafite ibyuma biri mu bikoresho ni byinshi, kandi kwegeranya sulfide mu bice byaho bizatuma igabanuka ry’imisemburo ya Cr mu gace gakikije, riba agace gakennye cyane, bityo bikagira ingaruka ku kurwanya ruswa y’ibyuma bitagira umwanda; kwitegereza ibinyampeke bya flangine idafite ingese, urashobora gusanga ingano yingano yayo itaringaniye cyane, kandi ingano zivanze zingana mumuryango zikunda gutandukanya itandukaniro rya electrode, bikaviramo micro-bateri, biganisha kumashanyarazi. ubuso bwibikoresho. Ibinyampeke binini kandi byiza bivanze bya flange idafite ibyuma bifitanye isano ahanini nuburyo bwo gukora bushyushye, buterwa no guhindura vuba ibinyampeke mugihe cyo guhimba. Isesengura rya microstructure ya hafi-yubuso bwa ruswa ya flange yerekana ko ruswa itangirira hejuru ya flange kandi ikagera imbere imbere kumupaka wa austenite. Microstructure yo hejuru-yibikoresho byerekana ko hari ibyiciro bitatu bya gatatu bigwa kumupaka wa austenite ingano yibikoresho. Icyiciro cya gatatu cyegeranijwe kumupaka wibinyampeke gikunze gutera chromium igabanuka kumupaka wingano, bigatera kwangirika hagati yimibumbe no kugabanya cyane kwangirika kwayo.

Umwanzuro

Imyanzuro ikurikira irashobora kuvanwa mubitera kwangirika kwangirika kwa 304 ibyuma bidafite ingese:

1. Kwangirika kwicyuma kidafite ingese nigisubizo cyibikorwa byahujwe nibintu byinshi, muribwo icyiciro cya gatatu cyaguye kumupaka wibinyampeke byibikoresho nimpamvu nyamukuru yo kunanirwa kwa flange. Birasabwa kugenzura cyane ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe mugihe cyakazi gishyushye, kutarenza ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwubushyuhe bwibikoresho byo gushyushya ibintu, no gukonjesha vuba nyuma y igisubizo gikomeye kugirango wirinde kuguma mubushyuhe bwa 450 ℃ -925 ℃ igihe kirekire gukumira imvura igwa mugice cya gatatu.
2. Ibinyampeke bivanze mubikoresho bikunda kwangirika kwamashanyarazi hejuru yibikoresho, kandi igipimo cyo guhimba kigomba kugenzurwa cyane mugihe cyo guhimba.
3. Ibiri hasi ya Cr hamwe na sulfide nyinshi mubikoresho bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye kwangirika kwa flange. Mugihe cyo gutoranya ibikoresho, hagomba kwitonderwa guhitamo ibikoresho bifite ubuziranenge bwa metallurgiki.